Operators in Python

 Operators in Python are special symbols that perform specific operations on one or more operands. These operations can include mathematical calculations, comparison, logical operations, and more. In this article, we will explore the different types of operators in Python and how they are used in programming.

Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators are used to perform mathematical calculations in Python. These operators include addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*), division (/), modulus (%), and exponentiation (**). For example, the following code will return the result of 2 + 3:

>>> 2 + 3 
#Output - 5

The modulus operator (%) returns the remainder of a division. For example, 10 % 3 will return 1, because 3 goes into 10 three times with a remainder of 1. The exponentiation operator (**) raises a number to a certain power. For example, 2 ** 3 will return 8, because 2 raised to the power of 3 is 8.

Comparison Operators

Comparison operators are used to compare two values and return a Boolean value (True or False) based on the comparison. These operators include equal to (==), not equal to (!=), greater than (>), less than (<), greater than or equal to (>=), and less than or equal to (<=). For example, the following code will return True because 3 is greater than 2:

>>> 3 > 2 
# Output - True

Logical Operators

Logical operators are used to combine Boolean values and return a Boolean value based on the combination. These operators include and (&&), or (||), and not (!). The and operator will return True only if both operands are True. The or operator will return True if either operand is True. The not operator will return the opposite Boolean value of the operand. For example, the following code will return True because both operands are True:

>>> True and True 
# Output - True

Assignment Operators

Assignment operators are used to assign a value to a variable. The most common assignment operator is the equal sign (=). This operator assigns the value of the right operand to the left operand. For example, the following code will assign the value of 3 to the variable x:

>>> x = 3

There are also compound assignment operators that combine an arithmetic or logical operator with an assignment operator. These operators include +=, -=, *=, /=, %=, and **=. For example, the following code will add 2 to the value of x and reassign the result to x:

>>> x += 2

Identity Operators

Identity operators are used to compare the memory addresses of two objects. These operators include is and is not. The is operator will return True if both operands are the same object, and False if they are not. The is not operator will return True if the operands are not the same object, and False if they are. For example, the following code will return True because both operands are the same object:

>>> x = [1, 2, 3] 
>>> y = x 
>>> x is y 
# Output - True